In the years to come, as society grows more complex, the number of nouns available to us may grow exponentially. The diversity of its speakers, not so much.
Alan Burdick, Why nouns slow us down...
In the years to come, as society grows more complex, the number of nouns available to us may grow exponentially. The diversity of its speakers, not so much.
In championing ‘slowness in human relations’, the Slow Movement appears conservative, while constructively calling for valuing local cultures, whether in food and agriculture, or in preserving slower, more biological rhythms against the ever-faster, digital and mechanically measured pace of the technocratic society that Neil Postman in 1992 called technopoly, where ‘the rate of change increases’ and technology reigns. Yet, it is preservative rather than conservative, acting as a foil against predatory multinationals in the food industry that undermine local artisans of culture, from agriculture to architecture. In its fidelity to our basic needs, above all ‘the need to belong’ locally, the Slow Movement founds a kind of contemporary commune in each locale – a convivium – responding to its time and place, while spreading organically as communities assert their particular needs for belonging and continuity against the onslaught of faceless government bureaucracy and multinational interests.
In the tradition of the Slow Movement, I hereby declare my manifesto for ‘Slow Thought’. This is the first step toward a psychiatry of the event, based on the French philosopher Alain Badiou’s central notion of the event, a new foundation for ontology – how we think of being or existence. An event is an unpredictable break in our everyday worlds that opens new possibilities. The three conditions for an event are: that something happens to us (by pure accident, no destiny, no determinism), that we name what happens, and that we remain faithful to it. In Badiou’s philosophy, we become subjects through the event. By naming it and maintaining fidelity to the event, the subject emerges as a subject to its truth. ‘Being there,’ as traditional phenomenology would have it, is not enough. My proposal for ‘evental psychiatry’, how we get stuck in our everyday worlds, and what makes change and new things possible for us.
Um manifesto contra o hamburger que há no facilitismo, na motivação e na fast aprendizagem do ipad e outras papas que dão aos meninos para que eles sosseguem e não dêem trabalho a educar.
My worry is that it [Theresa May’s post-18 review] will encourage us to imagine that Humanities courses really are cheap. OK they don’t usually need the multi-million pound pieces of equipment that some (not all) bits of science do. But it’s not just a blackboard and a piece of chalk. There are very expensive books and internet facilities that make a humanities department function at full strength (and subscribing to the fullest version of JSTOR is something that many uni libraries say they cant afford).
On the other hand, the idea that the level of fees should be attached to national need (the more we want you, the less we will charge you) doesn’t strike me as good news for the Humanities. I happen to think (as I would) that the country needs people who can talk and argue and write with the skills that my kind of subject offers. But I suspect that the idea of national need will be rather more instrumentally interpreted. So… here’s my prediction … the judgement will be that sciences are more expensive but more useful, and there will be some bonus given, and the humanities will end up more expensive in some way.
Didion likewise connected her openness to experience to her refusal of received ideas. In an essay titled “Why I Write,” she traced her preference for the concrete over the abstract to her student days at the University of California, Berkeley. She could never stay focused on the intricacies of Marxist dialectics, or on any other great system of thought, she recalled. Instead her attention would inevitably turn to something like “a flowering pear tree outside my window and the particular way the petals fell on my floor.” If she meditates on these images for long enough, they reveal their own unique “grammar.” She insists on taking the word “grammar” literally:
All I know about grammar is its infinite power. To shift the structure of a sentence alters the meaning of that sentence, as definitely and inflexibly as the position of a camera alters the meaning of the object photographed. … The arrangement of the words matters, and the arrangement you want can be found in the picture in your mind. The picture dictates the arrangement.With our master narratives, we attempt to impose order on our ever-shifting perceptions of an ever-shifting world (petals falling to the floor, snow falling in the Sierras). Didion wants to write in the exact opposite way: “Nota bene. [The picture] tells you. You don’t tell it.”
because we think language is fundamentally about naming things, we think that psychological concepts must also be names of things, but of things in an inner space. So we model the reality of the inner on the existence of physical things with the peculiar property that these mental objects are only visible to and nameable by their owner. But we are also puzzled about how words can function as names at all. How they can reach out to what they name? Words are, after all, just arbitrary sounds or squiggles. We think then that it must be something special indeed which enables words to have meaning. It must be some special set of the psychological states and processes, a picture of which we already have. Our words mean because we mean. And we can mean because we are in possession of inner, essentially private psychological states that can intrinsically reach out to the world. Language is really a collection of private, inner acts of meaning and naming, a collection of private languages that happen, more or less imperfectly, to overlap.
When natural philosophy began to slowly develop into physics and other natural sciences, learned speculation in the human domain did not immediately follow suit. But it too gradually developed into what we now call the social sciences, and the study of language was one of the earliest adopters of the new methods. Its practitioners would pore over ancient texts written in long-dead languages and long-forgotten scripts, and compare them ever more systematically. This led to a breakthrough in the late 18th century, when there emerged new ideas about the historical origins of modern languages. Most of these ideas have stood the test of time.Uma incursão divertida pelo estudo mais ou menos amador, ao longo dos séculos, daquilo que viria a ser a linguística, aqui.
But the budding discipline did not merely come up with new answers, it also changed the questions. Scholars of yore, when reflecting upon language, would wonder things such as: which of the contemporary languages was spoken by the first man? Which one is superior to the rest? And which of the human tongues deserves the label ‘divine’? Modern linguists will not touch those with a 10-foot pole. The oldest language is unknowable, but it was certainly different from anything spoken today. The ‘best’ language is impossible to define in any meaningful way. And as for ‘divine’ – the very word is meaningless in relation to languages, except in a cultural sense.